18 October 1996 SINCE THE COLLAPSE OF COMMUNIST rule in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, societies in transition have struggled to build independent media consisting of a pluralistic press and increasingly privatized broadcast outlets. The vertical propaganda imposed by the ultimate voice, the Communist Party, has vanished. Compared […]

You have reached a premium content area of TOL. To read this entire article please login if you are already a TOL subscriber.

Not a subscriber?

Annual membership costs only $55 per year for individuals ($33 for students) and organizational subscriptions start at $141 per year.

Subscribe today for access to:
Full access to the website, including premium articles videos, country reports and searchable archives (containing over 25,000 articles).

You can subscribe here to gain access to the entire website.